IT Glossary
Key Terms To Know In The IT Industry
True Color
A method of representing and storing graphical image information in an RGB color model where each color is represented by 24 bits.
You will find this term commonly used in Graphics
TrueType
A standard for digital type fonts that was developed by Apple Computer, and is widely used in both Windows and Macintosh operating systems.
You will find this term commonly used in Graphics/Typography
Trunk Port
In networking, a trunk port is a port on a switch that is configured to carry traffic for multiple VLANs. It is used to route traffic between switches and routers in a network, allowing devices in different VLANs to communicate with each other.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking
Trunking
In networking, trunking is the practice of using a single communication link to carry multiple VLANs or network traffic. It is used to efficiently manage network traffic and simplify the network infrastructure.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking
Trust Anchor
A set of trusted keys used in digital security to verify the legitimacy of digital certificates and signatures.
You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity
Trust Management
In computer security, a broad approach to policies and mechanisms for ensuring the security of applications and electronic transactions, managing the trust relationships inherent in those processes.
You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity
Trust Relationship
In security, a trust relationship is the link established between two domains that allows users in one domain to access resources in the other domain.
You will find this term commonly used in Security, Networking
Trusted Computing Base (TCB)
The set of all hardware, firmware, and/or software components that are critical to a system's security.
You will find this term commonly used in Security
Trusted Execution Environment (TEE)
A secure area of a main processor. It guarantees code and data loaded inside to be protected with respect to confidentiality and integrity, thus establishing a secure execution environment for sensitive and trusted code.
You will find this term commonly used in Security, Mobile Computing
Trusted Platform Module (TPM)
A specialized chip on an endpoint device that stores RSA encryption keys specific to the host system for hardware authentication. It is used to enhance network security.
You will find this term commonly used in Security, Hardware
TTL (Time to Live)
A mechanism that limits the lifespan or the number of hops that data packets can take before they are discarded by a network router. TTL is used in networking to prevent data packets from circulating indefinitely.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking
TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic)
A class of digital circuits built from transistors. It is used in the design of digital devices. It is notable for being a widespread integrated circuit (IC) family used in many applications such as computers, industrial controls, etc.
You will find this term commonly used in Hardware, Electronics
TTY (Teletypewriter)
Originally a device for sending typed messages over telephony networks. In computing, TTY has become a shorthand for terminal devices or terminal emulators, which provide an interface to the Unix shell.
You will find this term commonly used in General IT, Unix/Linux Systems
TUI (Terminal User Interface)
A type of user interface that allows users to interact with the computer through a command-line or text-based interface.
You will find this term commonly used in User Interface Design
TUI (Text User Interface)
An interface that uses text characters and symbols, rather than graphics, to interact with the computer.
You will find this term commonly used in User Interface Design
Tunneling Protocol
A protocol that allows for the secure passage of data from one network to another through a public network.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking
Tunnelling
The process of sending a network protocol or application through another network protocol, thereby encapsulating a protocol within another protocol.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking
Tuple
In the context of databases and programming, a tuple is an ordered list of elements. In relational databases, a tuple is essentially a row that contains data for a single record.
You will find this term commonly used in Databases, Software Development
Tuple Space
A repository of tuples (ordered lists of elements) that can be accessed concurrently.
You will find this term commonly used in Parallel Computing
Turing Award
An annual prize given by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) to an individual selected for contributions of lasting and major technical importance to the computer field. Often regarded as the "Nobel Prize of Computing."
You will find this term commonly used in General IT, Achievements
Turing Completeness
A characteristic of a system of data-manipulation rules (such as a computer's instruction set, a programming language, or a cellular automaton) that indicates the system can simulate any Turing machine.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Theory
Turing Machine
A mathematical model of computation that defines an abstract machine, which manipulates symbols on a strip of tape according to a table of rules. It is used to understand the limits of what can be computed.
You will find this term commonly used in Computer Science, Theory
Turing Test
A test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human. Proposed by Alan Turing in 1950 as a measure of a machine's intelligence.
You will find this term commonly used in AI, Machine Learning
Turnkey Solution
A type of solution that is designed to be easily implemented into a current business, system, or process without the need for significant modification or customization.
You will find this term commonly used in General IT, Business Solutions
Turnstile (Concurrency)
A synchronization mechanism used to control access to a resource by multiple threads in computing.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Tux
The name of the Linux kernel mascot, a penguin.
You will find this term commonly used in General IT
TV Tuner Card
A device that allows a computer to receive television signals for viewing TV programs on a computer.
You will find this term commonly used in Hardware
TV White Space
The unused broadcasting frequencies in the wireless spectrum. TV white spaces are unused and underutilized frequencies in the television broadcasting bands that can be used to deliver broadband and other services.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking, Wireless Communications
Twilio
A cloud communications platform as a service (PaaS) company that allows software developers to programmatically make and receive phone calls, send and receive text messages, and perform other communication functions using its web service APIs.
You will find this term commonly used in Cloud Computing, Communications
Twisted Pair
A type of wiring in which two conductors of a single circuit are twisted together for the purposes of improving electromagnetic compatibility. Commonly used in telephony and network cabling to reduce crosstalk between pairs.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking
Twisted Pair Cable
A type of wiring where two conductors are twisted together to cancel out electromagnetic interference from external sources, improving reliability. It's widely used in telecommunications and computer networks for Ethernet connections.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking
Twitter Bootstrap
A free and open-source CSS framework directed at responsive, mobile-first front-end web development. It contains CSS- and (optionally) JavaScript-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components.
You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Design
Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
A security process that requires users to provide two different authentication factors (e.g., password and SMS code) to verify their identity.
You will find this term commonly used in Security, Cybersecurity
Two-Phase Commit
A type of atomic commitment protocol that ensures a distributed transaction either commits (completes successfully) on all involved systems or rolls back (fails) on all involved systems, maintaining system integrity.
You will find this term commonly used in Databases, Networking
Two-Phase Commit (2PC)
A distributed algorithm that ensures all parts of a transaction commit if and only if all are ready to commit, ensuring data consistency across a distributed system.
You will find this term commonly used in Databases/Networking
Two-Sided Market
A market platform that enables interactions between two distinct user groups that provide each other with network benefits. This concept is often relevant in e-commerce and online services where buyers and sellers interact.
You will find this term commonly used in E-commerce, Business Strategy
Two-Step Verification
A security process in which users provide two distinct forms of identification before accessing their account. It's a form of multi-factor authentication intended to provide an additional layer of security.
You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity
Two-Tier Architecture
A type of client-server system architecture where the client interacts directly with the server, often used in reference to web applications where the client is a web browser and the server hosts the web app.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Web Development
Two-Way Binding
In web development, a form of data binding that allows for mutual data exchange between the UI and the model such that a change in one reflects immediately in the other.
You will find this term commonly used in Web Development
Twofish
A symmetric key block cipher that is a contender for the Advanced Encryption Standard.
You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity
Type Checking
The process of verifying and enforcing the constraints of types—data types, at compile time or runtime. This ensures that the operations being performed on data are compatible with the data type.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Type Conversion
The process of converting a value from one data type to another.
You will find this term commonly used in Programming
Type Erasure
A technique used in generic programming to enforce type constraints at compile time but not at runtime.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Type Inference
The ability of a programming language to automatically deduce the type of an expression at compile time. Type inference allows the programmer to omit certain type annotations while the compiler infers the types.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Type Safety
The extent to which a programming language discourages or prevents type errors. Type-safe languages aim to ensure that operations are performed on compatible types, reducing bugs and enhancing code reliability.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Type System
The collection of rules that assign a property called a type to the various constructs of a computer program, such as variables, expressions, functions or modules.
You will find this term commonly used in Programming
TypedArray
An object in JavaScript that provides a mechanism for accessing raw binary data. TypedArrays are used in web applications that require high-performance and efficient data manipulation, such as audio processing, graphics, and large data processing.
You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Programming
TypeScript
A programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft. It is a strict syntactical superset of JavaScript, and adds optional static typing to the language.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
TypeScript Definition
Files in TypeScript (.d.ts files) that contain type information about an existing JavaScript codebase. These definitions allow TypeScript developers to use existing JavaScript libraries as if they were TypeScript libraries.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Typo Squatting
The practice of registering domain names that are misspellings of popular websites in order to redirect traffic or phish for user information. Typo squatting exploits the likelihood of typographical errors made by Internet users.
You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity, Web Security
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