IT Glossary
Key Terms To Know In The IT Industry
Geometric Transformations
Operations that change the position, size, and orientation of shapes in graphics and geometric modeling.
You will find this term commonly used in Computer Graphics, CAD
Geospatial Analysis
The gathering, display, and manipulation of imagery, GPS, satellite photography, and historical data, usually represented by points, lines, or polygons on maps, related to positions on Earth’s surface.
You will find this term commonly used in AI / Data Analysis
Geospatial Data
Information that identifies the geographic location and characteristics of natural or constructed features and boundaries on the Earth, typically captured by satellite imagery or through location tracking technologies.
You will find this term commonly used in Data Analysis / GIS
Geotagging
The process of adding geographical identification metadata to various media such as photographs, videos, websites, or SMS messages. It includes latitude and longitude coordinates, but sometimes altitude, distance, and place names.
You will find this term commonly used in Web Development / Security
Gesture Analysis
The study and interpretation of human gestures using algorithms and sensors, often for HCI or surveillance applications.
You will find this term commonly used in HCI, Security
Gesture Control
A type of computer interface that interprets human gestures via mathematical algorithms. Gestures can originate from any bodily motion or state but commonly originate from the face or hand.
You will find this term commonly used in AI / Hardware
Gesture Detection
The process of interpreting human gestures via mathematical algorithms. Gestures can originate from any bodily motion or state but commonly originate from the face or hand.
You will find this term commonly used in AI / Human-Computer Interaction
Gesture Interface
A type of interface that allows users to interact with digital devices through bodily motions, typically using hands and fingers, without touching the device.
You will find this term commonly used in AI / Hardware
Gesture Navigation
A method of navigation on touch-enabled devices where gestures, such as swiping, tapping, and pinching, are used to interact with the device, often replacing traditional button-based controls.
You will find this term commonly used in UI/UX Design
Gesture Recognition
The ability of a device to identify and interpret various movements of the human body, particularly hand movements, to interface with a computer without direct physical contact.
You will find this term commonly used in AI / Hardware
Gesture Recognition Technology
The mathematical interpretation of a human motion by a computing device. Gestures can originate from any bodily motion or state but traditionally originate from the face or hand.
You will find this term commonly used in AI / Human-Computer Interaction
Gesture-Based Computing
Technology that enables users to interact with digital devices through bodily motions, without using traditional input devices like a keyboard or mouse.
You will find this term commonly used in HCI (Human-Computer Interaction)
Gesture-Based Control
Control systems that interpret human gestures via mathematical algorithms, allowing users to interact with technology without physical touch.
You will find this term commonly used in HCI, Robotics
Gesture-Based Interaction
Interacting with digital devices using physical gestures, such as swiping, tapping, and pinching, recognized by touch screens or gesture-detection technology.
You will find this term commonly used in Human-Computer Interaction / UI Design
Gesture-Based Navigation
A system that allows users to navigate through a device or application using physical gestures, such as swipes or hand movements.
You will find this term commonly used in HCI, Mobile Development
GFS (Google File System)
A proprietary distributed file system developed by Google to provide efficient, reliable access to data using large clusters of commodity hardware.
You will find this term commonly used in Cloud Computing / Database Management
Ghost Site
A website or web service that remains online but is no longer updated or maintained.
You will find this term commonly used in Web Development
GIAC (Global Information Assurance Certification)
Provides certifications focusing on security administration, forensics, management, audits, and legal aspects of IT security.
You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity, Forensics
GIAC Security Essentials Certification (GSEC)
Validates a practitioner's knowledge of information security beyond simple terminology and concepts.
You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity
Gigabit
A unit of digital information or computer storage equal to one billion bits. It's commonly used in expressing networking speeds.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking / General IT
Gigabit Ethernet
A term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second, as defined by the IEEE 802.3 standard.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking
Gigabit Networking
Networking technology that supports data transmission speeds of one gigabit per second or more, enhancing network performance and capacity.
You will find this term commonly used in Networking
Gigabyte (GB)
A unit of digital information storage that equals approximately 1 billion bytes or 1024 megabytes. Commonly used to specify storage capacity of digital devices.
You will find this term commonly used in General IT
Gigahertz (GHz)
A unit of frequency equal to one billion hertz. It is commonly used to measure the processing speed of computers.
You will find this term commonly used in Hardware
GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program)
A free and open-source raster graphics editor used for image retouching and editing, free-form drawing, converting between different image formats, and more specialized tasks.
You will find this term commonly used in General IT / Graphic Design
Git
A distributed version control system used for tracking changes in source code during software development.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Branch
A lightweight movable pointer to one of these commits. Branches serve as an abstraction for the edit/stage/commit process. They allow you to work on multiple features in a single repository at the same time.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Branching
A feature of Git that allows developers to diverge from the main line of development and continue to work independently without affecting that main line.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Checkout
A Git command used to switch between branches or restore working tree files. It's pivotal in managing multiple development paths within a single project.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Clone
A command in Git used to target an existing repository and create a clone, or copy of the target repository.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Conflict Resolution
Techniques and strategies to resolve conflicts that arise when merging branches in Git, ensuring code integrity and continuity.
You will find this term commonly used in Version Control, Software Development
Git Fetch
A primary command used in Git to download content from a remote repository. It's used to update the local version of a repository from a remote.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Flow
A branching model for Git, created by Vincent Driessen. It has attracted a lot of attention because it is very well suited to collaboration and scaling the development team.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Hook
Scripts that run before or after events such as: commit, push, and receive. Git hooks are a built-in feature - no need to download anything. Git hooks are run locally.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Merge
The action of integrating changes from one branch into another. It is a fundamental process in the Git version control system.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Merge Conflict
A situation that occurs when Git is unable to automatically resolve differences in code between two commits.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Rebase
A process in Git that is used to apply changes from one branch onto another, typically used to maintain a clean project history by integrating updates from a main branch into a feature branch.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Repository Management
The process of organizing and managing a collection of source code, documents, and other project-related assets in Git repositories.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Version Control
Git Revert
A command in Git that creates a new commit that undoes the changes made in a specified commit. This is a safe way to undo changes, as it doesn't alter the project history.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Squash
A technique in version control that combines multiple commits into a single commit. It's used for cleaning up a messy history or combining a feature's work before merging into the main branch.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Stash
A command in Git that temporarily shelves or stashes changes made to your working copy so you can work on a different task.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Submodules
A feature of Git used to keep a Git repository as a subdirectory of another Git repository. This allows you to keep a library in a separate repository and include it in your main repository.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Git Tag
A mechanism in Git used to mark specific points in a repository’s history as important, typically used for release points (v1.0, v2.0).
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
GitHub
A platform for hosting and sharing code. It uses Git, the distributed version control system. GitHub is a central repository, and it provides several collaboration features.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
GitHub Actions
GitHub's CI/CD platform that allows for automation of workflows directly in the GitHub repository setup.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
GitHub Copilot
An AI-powered code completion tool developed by GitHub and OpenAI. It assists developers by suggesting whole lines or blocks of code as they type, learning from the context within the existing code.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development / AI
GitHub Enterprise
The on-premises version of GitHub that allows developers to use GitHub’s powerful collaboration, code review, and code management for open source and private projects on the organization’s own servers.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
GitHub Integration
The process of connecting GitHub with other tools and services to streamline development workflows, such as continuous integration and project management platforms.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, DevOps
GitHub Marketplace
A central platform for developers to find, share, and sell tools and services that extend GitHub's functionality, ranging from continuous integration to code review tools.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
Gitignore File
A text file in a Git repository that tells Git which files or directories to ignore when committing changes. It helps keep temporary, non-essential, or sensitive information out of repositories.
You will find this term commonly used in Software Development
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